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The aa palm is a species of palm tree.Global demand for the fruit expanded rapidly in the 21st century and so the tree is cultivated for that purpose.
The species is native to a number of countries, mostly in swamps and floodplains.Aa palms are tall, slender trees with pinnate leaves up to 3 m long.The fruit is small and round.The fruit became a staple food in floodplain areas around the 18th century, but its consumption in urban areas and promotion as a health food only began in the mid 1990s.[5]
The Portuguese version of the Tupian word waca'i means fruit that cries or expels water.The local legend of how the plant got its name is due to the importance of the fruit as a staple food in the Amazon River Delta.According to folklore, chief Itaqui ordered all newborns to be put to death.When his daughter gave birth and the child was sacrificed, she cried and died beneath a tree.The tree was called aa because the daughter's name was spelled backwards.[7]
Oleracea is a form of holeraceus and means "vegetable" in Latin.[8]
The aa berry is a small, round, black-purple fruit that is similar in appearance to a grape but smaller and produced in branched panicles.The exocarp of the ripe fruits is a deep purple color, or green, depending on the kind of aa and its maturity.The mesocarp is thin, with a consistency of 1mm (0.06 in) or less.The hard endocarp contains a single large seed about 7–10mm in diameter.The seed makes up most of the fruit.The berry on the palm can't be Harvested during the rainy season.
There are two harvests, one in January and June and the other in August and December.The last harvest is the most important.[2]
A powdered preparation of freeze-dried aa fruit was reported to have 534 calories, 52 gCarbohydrate, 8 gProtein, and 33 g total fat.The fat portion consisted of palmitic acid and linoleic acid, both of which have low sugar levels.The powder contained vitamins C, calcium, iron, and 1002 IU vitamins A and B.[15]
A comparative analysis found that aa has lower levels of intermediate polyphenol content than mango, strawberry, and grapes.There is no credible evidence for the role of polyphenols in health.[17][18]
When three commercially available juice mixes, containing undisclosed percentages of aa juice, were compared, the average antioxidant capacity was lower than that of six types of pure fruit juice.The average was higher than orange juice, apple juice and tea, and roughly the same as black cherry or cranberry juice.[20]
According to the medical watchdog website, aa juice has a lower level ofAntioxidants than Concord grape, black cherry juices, but more than cranberry, orange, and apple juices.
In the plant's natural defense mechanisms, the anthocyanins of aa have relevance.Anthocyanins in aa made up only 10% of the total capacity.According to the European Food Safety Authority and the Linus Pauling Institute, the relative contribution of dietary flavonoids is likely to be very small or negligible.Most of what is absorbed is a chemical modification destined for rapid excretion, unlike the controlled test tube conditions.There are 27 and 28 items.
A powdered preparation of freeze-dried aa fruit was shown to contain major anthocyanins.The powdered preparation contained twelve flavonoid-like compounds, including Homoorientin and orientin, as well as proanthocyanidins.[15]
The demand for aa as an energy drink led to the building of cottage industries and processing plants to make it for export.30
Many companies flooded the internet in the early 2000s with fake testimonials and products.In 2009, aa was the #1 scam on the US FTC's "sCAMs and rip-offs" list.30
Many false claims were made about Aa, including a reversal of diabetes and other chronic illnesses, as well as expanding size of the penis and increasing men's sexual health.Thousands of consumers have had trouble stopping recurring charges on their credit cards when they cancel free trials of some aai-based products according to the Washington, D.C. based Center for Science in the Public Interest.Some websites purporting to warn about aai-related scams are actually perpetrating them.36
The formulator of MonaVie warned the public that the product was nothing more than "expensive flavored water" and that any claims made about it were "purely hypothetical, unsubstantiated and, quite frankly, bogus".[37]
The FTC handed down an $80 million judgement against five companies in January 2012 for making false claims about their products that promoted weight loss and prevented colon cancer.The company that was ordered to pay the settlement was Central Coast Nutraceuticals.There are 38 and 39 words.
Fresh aa is a staple in the region around the Amazon river.For supply to food product manufacturers or retailers, the fruit is processed into pulp and sold as frozen juice, or an ingredient in various products from beverages, including grain alcohol, smoothies, foods, cosmetics and supplements.It is eaten as aa na tigela in Brazil.
In a study of three traditional Caboclo populations in the Brazilian Amazon, aa palm was described as the most important plant species because the fruit makes up a major component of their diet, up to 42% of the total food intake by weight.[41]
In North America, aa is often sold in bowls with other ingredients such as nut milk, fruit juice, and oatmeal.Aa bowls may contain more than 50 g of sugar, or double what the American Heart Association recommends for an entire day, and have been described by nutritionists as a "sugar bomb", "glorified dessert" or "occasional treat".42, 43, and 44
There is no proof of health benefits from consuming aa.The FDA has not evaluated any aa products.There is no evidence that aa consumption affects body weight, promotes weight loss or has a positive health effect.36
The oil can be used for cooking or as a salad dressing, but not in cosmetics.[45]
Polyphenols such as procyanidin and vanillic acid, syringic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid are found in the oil compartments of aa fruit.There is no evidence that aa polyphenols have any effect on humans.Aa oil is green in color and has a bland smell.[46]
The leaves of the palm can be made into hats, mats, baskets, brooms, and roof thatch for homes.Tree trunks can be processed to yield minerals.48
Comprising 80% of the fruit mass, aa seeds may be ground for livestock food or as a component of organic soil for plants.New palm tree stock can take months to form if the right growing conditions are not present.It is possible that seeds will become waste in landfills or be used as fuel for bricks.50