There is a guide to raising pigs in the Philippines.
In the Philippines, hog raising is very popular and there is a lot of backyard producers who dominate the swine industry.The swine industry is still going strong despite the crises.The manual hopes to bring appropriate technology to the interested farmers and would-be swine producers in order that they may realize profitable production and improve their quality of life.
It is difficult to determine the best breed for our conditions, as there are many imported breeds in the country today.The guide helps you choose the breed to raise for your purpose, money and experience.
Yorkshire are white with long, erect ears.Excellent milkers, sows have superior mothering ability, farrow and wean large litters.That does well in confinement, but not in rugged conditions.
Slaughter animals yield a high dressing percentage, produce fine quality meat and compare favorably with other breeds in growth and economy of gains.
Landrace are white with short legs and large ears.The sows are noted for their mothering ability and litter size.They are heavy milkers and produce pigs with superior rate of growth and efficiency.They produce pigs of high quality when crossed with other breeds.They are weak on the feet and legs and have trouble adapting to rugged conditions.Proper selection and breeding should be done to correct these defects.
There are different shades of red in the Duroc color.The sows are good mothers.They produce pigs that are superior in growth rate, feed conversion, and their performance under rugged conditions is better than any of the white breeds.
Hampshires are black with a white belt.They are short legged and have no body thickness.The sows have a reputation of being able to adapt to very rugged conditions, with a high percentage of pigs farrowed.The growth rate has ranged from average to below.
There are six white points in the face, tail and four white feet.As the animal gets older, the ears are erect and forward.They are known for their style and meatiness.They lack good growth and efficiency in converting feed to weigh gain, but they have good length, depth and balance.The sows are not as prolific as other breeds.
The pig called the Pietrain has spotted black and white color.It has well-shaped hams.The ears are erect.The carcass has a high percentage of lean meat.Feed efficiency is not very good and they are slow growers.This breed is vulnerable to stress.Pietrain is only worthwhile in crosses.
The gilt should have at least six pairs of function teats.A sow with poor udder development is more likely to have poor milk production.
Feet and legs must be well placed.Medium feet and short upright pasterns are preferable for animals.
A litter of eight or more good-sized piglets with high survivability is what female breeders should come from.
Do not keep gilts from sows that have failed to produce milk.
Select vigorous and hardly pigs from a healthy litter in a herd raised under good swine Sanitation.Do not breed from litters with physical abnormality.These may be passed down.
Most of the factors discussed in connection with a gilt or sow selection also apply to the selection of a boar.The following pointers should also be considered.
The primary sex organs should be visible.The testicles of those pigs are of equal size.
Selecting a boar that has been tested and proven to be able to overcome defects in the herd is the best way to go.Minor defects in the pig can be ignored if they are not present among the sows.
At the time of selection, pigs should be four months old.The hog houses must be constructed in a way that maximizes the performance of the pigs.A good hog house won't improve the health of the animals, but a bad one will.
Cheap and locally available materials such as bamboo and nipa can be used for small operations.
To make it easier to work in, hog houses should be built on a slightly sloping and well-drained area.
The occurrence of parasites and diseases should be mitigated by the use of concrete floors in permanent hog houses.It's important that concrete floors aren't too rough to cause foot and leg problems or too smooth to be slippery when wet.
The pig house should have proper equipment such as feeders and drinking troughs.Concrete is the best material for water troughs and feeders.Some people use tires that have been cut in half.
Farrowing stalls are important to reduce piglet mortality in larger operations.
Newborn pigs need heat lamps or electric brooders to survive.In places where the use of heat lamps is not possible, a box lined with old sacks or thickly bedded straw can keep the pigs warm and comfortable.
Most gilts of the improved breeds reach puberty at about six to eight months of age, but they should not be bred until they are about 90 to 100 kilograms.
To prevent gilts or sows from becoming too fat,Regulate the feed intake immediately after breeding.The number of pigs farrowed may be affected by the weight of pregnant sows.They may suffer from farrowing problems.
For better conception, keep the pregnant sow in an ideal environment.When the weather is too hot, sprinkle water on the sows.
A healthy but a laxative ration was provided.Provide lots of water and green feeds such as camote vines, kangkong, Paragrass and water lilies.
Deworm sows and gilts against internal and external parasites 14 days before farrowing.
The sow should be moved to the farrowing house one week before the expected date.
A sow will farrow in 114 days, on average.The range is usually between 99-129 days.There are a number of signs that you should watch out for.
The most important time in the life of new born piglets is when the sow is pregnant.
The sow or gilt should be full-fed with a high energy ration for about two weeks before they can have sex.
Ensuring maximum litter size is done by observing proper time of mating.A sow is in heat if she has any of the following symptoms.
In one heat period with an interval of 12 to 25 hours, sow each gilt or sow twice to the same pig.
A new pig should always be checked for fertility and diseases associated with abortion and birth of dead pigs.
The birth material from the mouth and nose of new born pigs should be wiped with a dry cloth.Swing the piglet's head down or slap it to help it breathe.
Use a pair of surgical scissors to cut the string around the cord.Pull the cord away from the body so as not to cause hernia.The injured tip of the cord should be put into the bottle.
The piglets should be placed in a piglet box.A 100 watt bulb after 14 days of brooding.
The needle teeth need to be cut.The pig is held firmly by one hand with three fingers supporting the jaw and thumb pressing against the back of the neck.The tip of the tongue can be reached with the forefinger behind the needle teeth.Cut close to the gum level with a side-cutting nipper or ordinary nail cutter.If you make a slanted cut or leave jagged edges, you are likely to cause injuries to the piglet and teats of the mother.Before working with another piglet, make sure the nipper is clean.
The piglets should suck the first milk.The baby pigs need Colostrum to fight against diseases.
Iron reserves in the body of a newborn piglet are consumed in a week.piglet or newborn anemia can be prevented with the injection of commercial iron dextran.When symptoms are detected, repeat administration 14 days after birth.
At four to six weeks of age, wean piglets.When wean is done earlier than 56 days, a sow can farrow from four to five times in two years.The best way to leave the piglets in familiar surroundings is to remove the sow.Deworming, castration, ear notching, and tattooing are some of the management practices that need to be carried out before the baby is born.
Management requirements are less demanding because they need to be provided with protection against pests and diseases.
Sell or butcher pigs if they reach a market size of at least 80 kilogram.Slow growing pigs should be put down immediately.Keeping them longer is not economical.
Information on the market prices of pork is important.It's important to know the weights of the live animals and sell them on a weight basis.
The identification of pigs is done with marks on the hair coat.Ear notching and tattooing are used in commercial farms.
The best time to have castration on pigs is two weeks of age or earlier.To improve the meat quality and to prevent the perpetuation of undesirable individuals, this is done.Consider the condition of the male animal when castrating.
If the sow does not have enough milk to feed her piglets, supplement her with a good creep ration.You can use a milk replacer.Many brands are available.
The shift from one ration to another should be gradual in order to not upset the normal feeding behavior of the pigs.Make changes after a transition period of at least one week.
A starter ration is given to pigs until they are two months old.
When pigs are 30 to 35 kilograms, the grower ration is given.Until they are about 15 to 20 weeks old.
It is important to keep in mind that a simplified ration should always have enough energy, vitamins and minerals.
If properly cooked and dried, sava, camote, corn, and corn by-products can be used in some parts of the country.
Dry feeding is practiced in commercial operations for a number of reasons.backyard producers mostly practice wet feeding
There is a daily feed allowance for 5 pigs.It can be up to 65 kilograms.Up to 6 months old.
It's important that record keeping is simple and precise.This is a guide for improvements or adjustments to be made.In the day to day operation, this will be helpful.Profitability can be easily determined through record keeping.
The kind of record we keep depends on what we want to emphasize about swine enterprise.
There are records regarding production and schedule in the farm.The age of the sow, farrowing date and number of piglets are examples.
Records regarding the financial aspect of the operation are included in economics.The price of meat, weanlings, and feeds are examples.
The last job done on growing pigs is marketing.When they reach 80 kilograms, hogs are marketed.
Marketable hogs can be sold directly to meat processors without the need for a middleman, or in auction markets where animals are sold to buyers who offer the highest acceptable price per kilo liveweight or per head.
When a large number of hogs are to be marketed, the producer must observe proper shipment and transport handling to minimize losses.Here are some things to do.
Provide beddings of sand or saw dust.When the weather is hot, wet the beddings to keep the pigs comfortable.
Do not over heat hogs.Leave the hogs undisturbed until they are butchered.
When buying a replacement stock, make sure the animals have been immunized against diseases such as hog cholera and swine plague.
The nearest veterinarians, government technicians, or office of the Bureau of Animal Industry is the best place to seek advice.
The virus can be spread through direct contact or by eating kitchen scraps.
Prolonged duration of illness (chronic form) terminates in pneumonia or hemorhagic enteritis, or both prevention and control.
For a long time with frequent attacks of dry cough, the growth and feed conver- sion rates are impaired.
Exposure to stress, particularly cold and incle- ment weather, favors chilling of susceptible pigs.
Most respiratory disease are transmitted by inhalation of air particles.
There is no treatment for swine flu.Antibiotics like tetracyclines and sulfas may be beneficial.Respiratory stimulants and antiseptics speed up recovery.
There is a history of abortion when a sow is at second or third pregnancies.Irregular heat cycles, presence of repeat breeders.
The entire herd needs to be replaced after 6 months due to high incidence of the disease.
The practical approach is to test and dispose of positive cases as there is no satisfactory vaccine or treatment.
Irritation of the small intestine can be caused by parasites,bacteria, or a sudden change of diet.Various carriers or conditions are to blame.
Colibacillosis is caused by contaminated water supply, change in feed which upsets the balance ofbacteria in the gut, and other factors.
The introduction of new pigs may cause some to be carriers of the virus.
Balantidiosis is usually brought about by contaminated drinking water and/or kangkong.
Transport or feeding of contaminated kitchen slops are associated with Dysentery.
Dehydration can cause death in most cases and must be immediately corrected by giving fluids.Proper diagnosis or identification of the cause is needed for effective treatment and control.The complicated nature of the disease makes it difficult to confirm a diagnosis, so it is best to consult a vet.Treatment is difficult and expensive, so emphasize preventive aspects of management.
Mastitis and agalactia can be caused by non-specific or unknown causes.Infections, stress, and other environmental factors may be to blame.Inflammation of the uterus is associated with abortion or difficult delivery.
The incidence of farrowing troubles is reduced by proper diet, exercise, and provision of clean, disinfected pens.
Treat metritis by injecting pessaries or antibiotics inside the uterus.
It depends on the number of worms present in animals and pigs.Slow growth rate, thinness, and thick growth of hair are characteristic of pigs.Sometimes pigs excrete worms in their feces.
Dewormer can be administered through feed or drinking water.The dewormers are usually effective.
Animals are forced to rub a portion of their body against a wall of pen.At first, the affected skin is reddened, but it becomessclerotic and wrinkled as time goes on.
There are insecticidal preparations indicated for mange.It's necessary to keep spraying to get satis-faction results.The floors and walls of the animal's quarters should be sprayed to kill mites.
A.The hog house has a concrete floor.Purchase of seed stock or foundation.Expenditures are analysed.
A.The hog houses are Farrowing house/stall Gilt/Dry/Gestating house.Weanling house Growing/Fattening house Isolation house
A hog scale, portable units or tape measure are some of the farm tools.
Maintenance of machinery and equipment and Hog Feeds veterinary medicines, drugs, vaccines, feed supplements.
A glossary of technical terms is given meaning in the national language in order to better understand them.
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Iinject o ipainom sa inahing baboy para magka anak ulit.3 months since nanganak sya.Sayang na po, ung pinapakain and Hindi parin swell.
We want to organize a livestock raisers association in Marinduque and we are asking for help from those who know how to do it.
I am a single mother of two kids.Since my husband passed away, I am looking for a way to make more money.I am interested in piggery, but I need guidance as well as knowledge to succeed in this venture.I need your help.My project involves planning, financing, and techniques to make my business profitable.Thank you.
It is best to take a training or seminar.The Technology Resource Center can help with training.They have a Swine Production and Management seminar this month.
Ask ko kung pwede ko kumuha ng gagawing inahin sa anakng baboy ko na unang panganak pa lng.
May lagnat ang inyong inahin at sobrang hirap sa panganganak masyadong.
Just started our backyard piggery and I need help.3pm may be 12 biik po cya.Ayaw pa po kumain ng inahin til this time.pls help metnx.
I am an animal care technician of excel feeds and I do my job everyday.
Can you help me get a by-laws or rules for my hog raiser association so that I can market them better?
I am planning to start with 6 sows and a pig, but I need a business plan and tips on financial management.
Edward.If you have a Landrace x Largewhite sow, cross it with a Duroc Boar for pig purposes.
I am interested in starting a small piggery in Bohol, where can I find information on breeds, housing, feed, medicines, etc.
I have 17 sows that are pregnant and I need money so I want to sell them fast.
Hi!tanong ko lang kung normal casualties.Do you mean pano ba to maiiwasan?Please help...
Can you give me an estimate of how much it will cost to start a small pig farm?Thank you.
For the information.There are piglets for sale at our farm.You can call us if you are interested.
Where can I buy hog vaccines and dewormer in the Philippines?Any help would be appreciated.
Can you give me an estimate of how much it will cost to start a small pig farm with about two dozen pigs?Including the feeds and other facilities?Thank you.
I'm planning on starting a small pig farm.Can you give me an estimate on how much it will cost to house 30 Duroc piglets?Where can I buy piglets?Are Pietrain worth the effort to raise?
I am going to start a piggery business in early next year.I need a manual on how to start this kind of business.I need to know the initial amount in case I have to start with 20 piglets.The list of expenses should include the costs of building the house for the pigs.Where can I find the best breeds?Please help me.Thank you and more power...
Pwd ng favor?hihingi sana po ako, pagtatae.
The internet can be used to research the common hog diseases.There is a lot of information about that topic.Search for the term "common hog diseases and cure".
I'm Hi...I would like to start a small backyard piggery on my return to the Phillipines.I got interested in piglets when I was in the Philippines and bought a few of them.Feed providers are willing to help with veterinary services.I want to have a piggery in a province in the Philippines.Will look into other sorces of food like goat and cows on a very small scale.