There is a public health perspective on abortion in Spain.
It is legal to have an abortion in Spain if you request it up to 14 weeks of pregnancy and at later stages for serious risk to the health of the woman or fetal defects.[2]
There is abortion legislation in Spain.During the 1930s, abortion law was liberalized in the area controlled by the Republicans, but this was short-lived as the Franco regime with support of the Catholic Church banned abortion again.The laws were liberalized in 2010.There are regular moves to restrict abortion in Spain, but they lack majority support.Better access to emergency contraception has led to a decline in abortion rates.[4]
Title II of the Organic Law 2/2010 of sexual and reproductive health and abortion came into force in Spain on July 5, 2010 and legalized abortion during the first 14 weeks of a pregnant woman's life.Until Organic Law 9/1985 decriminalized abortion in several circumstances, it had previously been illegal and punishable.
The authors argued that prohibition and criminalization of abortion did not prevent 100,000 abortions a year.The Supreme Court document states that punishment did not save the unborn, but did contribute to the deaths of women who had obtained illegal, unsanitary abortions.Advocates of legal abortion argue that the problem of hiding affects poor women, as they would have traveled to other countries to get an abortion, a practice known as "abortion tourism".[8]
Opponents of abortion, including the Catholic Church, argue that abortion is an inherently evil practice which leads to a culture of death and degrades respect for all life.The People's Party filed an action against several provisions of law.The law on abortion was included in the electoral program of the People's Party.[10][11]
Both supporters and opponents of legalization put the bulk of their argument in defense of life, either of the mother or the unborn child.Most of the Spanish people interviewed favored more social awareness of abortion and the need for the government to regulate it.[9]
Catalonia legalized abortion during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy on 25 December 1936, with a decree signed by Josep Tarradellas on 9 January 1937.[13][14]
The Minister of Health Catalan Federica Montseny (anarchist CNT) legalized abortion over the area loyal to the Republic during the Spanish Civil War.Franco repealed the law.
The Organic Law 9/1985 legalized abortion in three cases: serious risk to the physical or mental health of the pregnant woman, rape, and malformations or defects in the fetus.[15]
The law states that the mother can have an abortion in public or private health centers in the first 12 weeks for reasons related to rape, if she chooses.In the second and third cases, a medical report was required to certify compliance with the legal conditions.In three of the cases, abortion was not a crime under doctor's supervision in a medical establishment that was approved for the procedure.The Penal Code provides various terms of imprisonment for both mothers and doctors who perform abortions outside the law.
The Organic Law 2/2010 deals with sexual and reproductive health and abortion.Ensuring fundamental rights regarding sexual and reproductive health established by the World Health Organization, regulating the conditions of abortion and establishing the corresponding obligations of public authorities are all part of the law.5 July 2010 was when it came into force.
During the first 14 weeks of a pregnant woman's life, abortion is legalized.The woman can take a free and informed decision on the abortion of her unborn child during this time.
In cases of serious risks to life or health of the mother or fetus, abortion is allowed up to 22 weeks of pregnancy.If Fetal anomalies incompatible with life are detected or if an extremely serious and incurable disease is detected within the fetus at the time of diagnosis, pregnant women may be interrupted from the twenty-second week.[5]
There is an article 13There are common requirements.These are the requirements for a voluntary abortion.
When the minor reasonably claims that this will cause a serious conflict, the information may be removed.
If the requirements have been followed, a pregnant woman can have her baby terminated within the first fourteen weeks of her life.
The pregnant woman has been made aware of her rights, benefits and public aid to mothers, on the terms set forth in paragraphs 2 and 4 of the Act.
From the moment the information was given to her, the pregnant woman has completed a period of at least three days.[5]
In 2009, a reform of the 1985 law that regulated abortion was processed based on three cases in which there was a risk to a pregnant woman's life or health.There is no time limit for abortion if fetal anomalies are incompatible with life.The law would allow young people between 16 and 17 to have an abortion.[19]
The reform was supported by the Spanish Socialist Party and the Council of State, but it drew criticism from the conservative People's Party, the Catholic Church and anti-abortion groups.There are 20 and 21 items.
The law on sexual and reproductive health and abortion was passed by 184 votes in favor, 158 against and one abstention.The PSOE, the ruling party of Spain, supported the law.The Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), United Left (IU), Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV), Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG), Nafarroa Bai, and two members of the Convergence and Union (CiU) supported the government.
The new law was opposed by the People's Party.The Canarian Coalition, the Union, Progress and Democracy, and seven MPs from CiU were opposed to it.Representatives from the Spanish Episcopal Conference of the Catholic Church, Pro Life Associations and the Institute for Family Policies were rejected by civil society organizations outside parliament.In 2009, a survey on Spanish youth conducted by the Sociological Research Center indicated that 45% of young people felt that it was only the woman who should decide the issue, one in four believed that society should place certain limits, and 15% objected to abortion.
At his first appearance in parliament, the Minister of Justice for the PP government announced his intention to reform the Abortion Law of 2010.This act was passed by Rodriguez Zapatero's Socialist government, but was opposed by the Catholic Church in Spain and the PP on the issue of whether children between 16 and 18 can have abortions.The model of the 1982 Act was proposed to be returned to by the new government.[23]
The final draft of the law on abortion was published by the Government of Spain in December of last year.The likelihood of a child being born with disabilities is not an acceptable justification for abortion.
The law requires parental consent and parental accompaniment for women under 18.Those seeking abortion in Spain would need the approval of two doctors who wouldn't be allowed to participate in the procedure.
100,000 of the 118,000 abortions carried out in 2012 would be illegal under the new legislation, according to the Spanish Association of Accredited Abortion Clinics.The revision was part of the PP election manifesto which was strongly influenced by the Roman Catholic church and was opposed by most opposition parties and women's groups.
In September of 2014, Prime Minister Rajoy announced that the government would abandon the draft law due to lack of consensus, and that it would seek to reform the 2010 law only by requiring 16 and 17-year-old women to obtain parental consent for an abortion.The Minister of Justice resigned.[ 24]
The number of abortions decreased in 2009, for the first time since 1997.The Minister for Health and Social Policy of Spain said that the decline was due to over-the-counter sales of the morning-after pill.[25][26]
The evolution of the number of abortions in Spain is shown in the statistics from the Ministry of Health.